Evening primrose supplements are products derived from the herb, Oenothera biennis. The gamma-linolenic content in the seeds of common evening primrose is of particular interest to researchers and supplement manufacturers. Gamma-linolenic acid, which is obtained from the herb’s seeds, is an omega-6 fatty acid that is critical to the production of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins. These signaling molecules exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. That means they can prove beneficial to specific diseases associated with excessive and prolonged inflammation such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and diseases related to the heart.
The top five producers of evening primrose supplements are Prescribed Choice, Allergy Research Group, Vital Nutrients, Barlean’s, and BodyBio. Most of their products come in softgel or capsule form and are consumed orally. The supplements are typically used for hormonal support, easing bone pain and improving nerve function, and the relief of symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome. Evening primrose supplements are also used to clear up acne and treat eczema and improve overall skin health.
The prices of evening primrose supplements depend on the manufacturer, the dosage quantity, and the supplement quantity. However, their prices generally fall within a price range of $10.99 to $64.99. The $10.99 evening primrose supplements are 100 500-mg soft gels from NOW. The $64.99 evening primrose supplements also come in capsule form but contain a higher dosage of 1300 mg for each of the 180 supplement forms sold by BodyBio/ELyte.
Below are the top 10 evening primrose supplements sold on the market:
1. Vital Nutrients Evening Primrose Oil 100 soft gel Caps (The Best for Relieving PMS Symptoms)
Vital Nutrients evening primrose oil soft gels are manufactured in their own strictly controlled Food and Drug Administration-inspected facility. To ensure optimum potency and safety from environmental contaminants, the company has implemented a cutting-edge Quality Assurance program that they say surpasses industry standards and regulatory requirements. That Quality Assurance Program includes three elements: independent lab testing, an every-batch policy, and comprehensive specifications. Vital Nutrients assures that each of its over 200 supplements has been tested by independent laboratories. Vital Nutrients goes beyond the allowable skip lot testing, which requires manufacturers to test a portion of the raw materials used in their products. Instead, Vital Nutrients tests every batch of material. Consumers can also expect comprehensive labeling, based on research conducted.
Vital Nutrients Evening Primrose Oil is typically used to alleviate mild premenstrual symptoms, but it can also be used to improve joint and nerve function, and ensure healthy cholesterol levels in people who already have them within the normal range.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/vital-nutrients/evening-primrose-oil-500-mg-100-gels
Nutritional value: Each serving of Vital Nutrients Evening Primrose Oil contains 1000 mg of evening primrose seed oil and 90 mg of gamma-linolenic acid.
Price range: $25.70
Producer: Vital Nutrients
Its form: soft gel capsules
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? It may be used to boost the immune system. Gamma-linolenic acid has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions. It forms dihomo gamma-linolenic acid, which is critical to the formation of PGH1 that forms PGE1 and thromboxane A1. Both PGE1 and thromboxane A1 play critical roles in the immune system. Dihomo gamma-linolenic acid itself can suppress the formation of leukotrienes that enhance inflammation. Excessive and prolonged inflammation has been associated with diseases such as cancer.
What are its ingredients? Apart from gamma-linolenic acid, other ingredients include glycerin, water, and gelatin. The supplement does not contain gluten, milk or dairy, soy protein, binders, coatings, sugar, and egg protein.
What is the service size for it? Two soft gels
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? Take one to two soft gels every day, as directed by your health professional. Pregnant women should consult their doctor prior to consumption.
2. Barlean’s Organic Oils Evening Primrose Oil 120 Gels (The Best for Reducing Hot Flashes)
Barlean’s supplements have been trusted for over 30 years. The company sources its raw ingredients from cultivators that value high quality and subscribe to the highest moral standards. Barlean’s supply chain and development team ensure that the company complies with Food Safety Modernization Act Supplier Verification regulations.
Barlean’s uses organoleptic testing to ensure its products are of the highest quality. Organoleptic testing is the use of the human senses–the eyes, nose, and mouth, in this case–to determine the quality of consumer items. The final products are also sent to third-party laboratories that ensure that each product is free from contaminants. These laboratories also ensure the accuracy of each label.
Barlean’s states that its product is the ideal women’s health supplement and may be used to alleviate symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome and menopause. Barlean says that evening primrose can be used, in particular, to reduce hot flashes and breast pain. The product may also help maintain good skin health.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/barleans-organic-oils/evening-primrose-oil-120-gels
Nutritional value: Each serving of Barlean’s Evening Primrose Oil contains 25 g of Calories, 2.5 g of total fat, of which 1.5 g are polyunsaturated fat and 1 g of monounsaturated fat, 1.846 g of linoleic acid, 0.234 g of gamma-linolenic acid, and 0.13 g of oleic acid.
Price range: $36.38
Producer: Barlean’s
Its form: Soft gel capsules
Is it vegan? No
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? The product contains organic evening primrose oil, gelatin, glycerin, and water, the specific components of soft gel.
What is the service size for it? Two soft gels
When to use it? Daily
How to use it? Consume two soft gels per day. The product must be stored in a cool place and kept out of reach of children.
3. Allergy Research Group Evening Primrose Oil 500 Mg 120 Gels (The Best for Easing Bone Pain)
Allergy Research Group has been in the supplements industry for over 40 years. They take pride in their use of hypoallergenic ingredients. In fact, they claim to be pioneers in introducing such products into the market.
Each Allergy Research Group product complies with the FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices. The company has an in-house department that uses advanced scientific methods to analyze each product component and ensure its quality before it is sold on the market. Apart from the in-house testing, third-party laboratories also test these raw materials and later the final products. Allergy Research Group follows advanced scientific methods of analysis to ensure potency and purity, and to ensure the accuracy of label claims. These methods include capillary electrophoresis, which entails the assessment of ions removed from substances through voltage and high-performance liquid chromatography. This analytical method tests substances by passing them through an adsorbent material-filled column.
The evening primrose oil in this Allergy Research Group supplement is derived from the herb’s seeds through cold-pressed extraction. This process applies mechanical pressure to the seeds. Allergy Research Group does not recommend the product for use to treat any particular condition or disease. It does, however, note the anti-inflammatory effects of gamma-linolenic acid, the omega-6 fatty acid the herb contains. Bone pain can result from chronic inflammation of the joints and cartilage.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/allergy-research-group/evening-primrose-500-mg-120-gels
Nutritional value: Each serving size contains 5 g of calories, 5 g of calories from fat, 0.5 g of total fat, and 0.5 g of evening primrose oil. The evening primrose oil contains 0.045 g of gamma-linolenic acid, 0.365 g of linoleic acid, and 0.035 g of oleic acid.
Price range: $34.52
Producer: Allergy Research Group
Its form: Soft gel capsules
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid contributes to important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? Apart from evening primrose oil, the product contains gelatin, glycerin, and water, the specific components of soft gel capsules.
What is the service size for it? One soft gel
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? Take one soft gel one to two times per day with meals or as instructed by a medical professional.
4. Bodybio Evening Primrose Oil 180 Gels (The Best For Reducing High Blood Pressure)
BodyBio’s supplements are products of analysis conducted by its in-house team using existing scientific literature on the health benefits of specific raw ingredients. This approach ensures that each product complies with the highest quality standards and provides maximum efficacy for humans at the cellular level. The products are also tested both at BodyBio and by third-party laboratories before they are sent out for distribution. At present, according to BodyBio, over 2000 medical professionals trust the company for its scientific approach.
BodyBio’s evening primrose supplements come in either one of two forms: soft gel capsules or liquid extract. According to BodyBio, its evening primrose oil may help support healthy blood pressure levels. This is because its gamma-linolenic acid content has been proven to exhibit antihypertensive effects. It may also help induce labor in women who are pregnant. However, consumption of the product should be done after consultation with a healthcare professional and only towards the end of the pregnancy. BodyBio also notes that gamma-linolenic acid exhibits pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties.
BodyBio states that its product can help improve skin health. Its linoleic acid content regulates the production of sebum that can lead to oily skin, protects the skin barrier, and prevents transepidermal water loss, or the evaporation of water through the skin barrier that can cause the enhancement of skin wrinkles and fine lines.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/bodybioe-lyte/evening-primrose-oil-1300-mg-180-caps
Nutritional value: One serving size of BodyBio Evening Primrose Oil contains 10 g of calories, 1.5 g of total fat, 0.13 g of gamma-linolenic acid, and 0.95 g of linoleic acid.
Price range: $64.99
Producer: BodyBio
Its form: Soft gel capsules
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? It contains evening primrose seed oil, gelatin, glycerin, and water, the specific components of soft gel capsules.
What is the service size for it? One soft gel capsule
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? Consume two soft gel capsules daily with food or as recommended by a healthcare professional.
5. NOW Evening Primrose Oil 500 Mg 100 soft gels (The Best for Improving Heart Health)
NOW is a family-owned brand that supports Vitamin Angels, a non-profit group that helps malnourished children and mothers, and has been relentless about making the natural products industry better for over 50 years. NOW has prioritized sustainable sourcing practices with transparency at all levels. They take pride in their exclusive testing methods that go above and beyond what other companies do to ensure quality standards are met.
NOW goes to great lengths to give consumers confidence in its products. Apart from meeting the requirements of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), it seeks other types of certifications that provide proof of its products’ quality. For instance, NOW’s organic products have been certified as such by Quality Assurance International, a certification agency accredited by the Department of Agriculture. Even some of its products have been confirmed to be free of genetically-modified organisms (GMO) by The Non-GMO Project.
NOW states that its Evening Primrose Oil was derived from the herb’s seeds through the cold-press method, which means it is hexane-free. It does not contain yeast, gluten, wheat, corn, soy, fish, milk, egg, or shellfish ingredients.
According to NOW, its product may help ensure overall skin health and a healthy vascular system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content.
Link to purchase:
https://www.premierformulas.com/now/evening-primrose-oil-500-mg-100-soft gels
Nutritional value: One serving size contains 15 g of calories, 1.5 g of total fat (of which 1 g is polyunsaturated fat and less than 0.5 g is monounsaturated fat), and 1.5 g of evening primrose oil. The evening primrose oil in the supplement contains 0.135 g of gamma-linolenic acid.
Price range: $10.99
Producer: NOW
Its form: Soft gel capsules
Is it vegan? No
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body. According to NOW, gamma-linolenic acid supports the immune system.
What are its ingredients? Apart from evening primrose oil, the supplement contains bovine gelatin, water, and glycerin, components of soft gel capsules.
What is the service size for it? Three soft gel capsules.
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? This product is only for adults. NOW recommends taking three soft gel capsules per day with food. Consultation with a medical professional is advised for those who are pregnant, have a medical condition, or are currently taking medication.
The product must be stored in a cold and dry place after it has been opened.
6. Klaire Labs Evening Primrose Oil 100 Gels (The Best for Reducing Nerve Pain)
Klaire Labs has a diverse portfolio of nutraceuticals, which they claim all embody the company’s three key principles: purity, potency, and performance. The company focuses on four areas for their manufacture of supplements: Healthy Aging, Women’s Health, Mood and Cognition, and Microbiome and Gastrointestinal Health. Of the four, Klaire Labs is particularly known for its leading role in Microbiome and Gastrointestinal Health, with their famous Ther-biotic probiotics line.
Klaire Labs’ manufacturing facility in Reno, Nevada is compliant with current Good Manufacturing Practices. Klaire Labs is part of the SFI family of brands, which has good credibility among healthcare professionals. Klaire Labs ensures it only uses quality ingredients that have undergone scrupulous testing in the laboratory to produce its nutraceuticals. The company takes pride in its executive team, which they state is composed of people with years of experience, not only in the scientific field, but also in the sales, marketing, and manufacturing industries. The key relation between the executive team is that they all share a passion for high-quality grade supplements.
Klaire Labs uses the cold-pressed extraction method to produce evening primrose oil that contains 76 mg of biologically active gamma-linolenic acid. According to the supplement manufacturer, the herb ensures proper nerve function and ensures cardiovascular health. The herb may also be used to benefit cartilage function as well as, skin, cognitive, and neuroendocrine health.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/klaire-labs/evening-primrose-oil-100-softgels
Nutritional value: One serving size of Klaire Labs evening primrose oil contains 10 g of calories from fat, 1 g of polyunsaturated fat, and 1.3 g of evening primrose oil. The evening primrose oil, in particular, contains 0.076 g of gamma-linolenic acid, 0.544 g of linoleic acid, and 0.0499 g of oleic acid.
Price range: $41.16 to $45.28
Producer: Klaire Labs
Its form: Soft gel capsule
Is it vegan? No
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body. According to Klaire Labs, the supplement may be used as immune health and inflammation support.
What are its ingredients? Apart from evening primrose oil, Klaire Labs contains gelatin, glycerin, and water, the components of a soft gel capsule.
What is the service size for it? One soft gel capsule
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? Consume one to two times daily with food or as recommended by a medical professional.
7. Prescribed Choice Evening Primrose Oil 1300 Mg 60 soft gels (the Best for Minimizing Breast Pain)
Prescribed Choice states that the ingredients used in their products are high-quality and undergo rigid testing upon sourcing. These ingredients are then processed in facilities that comply with current good manufacturing processes, ensuring that every aspect of production is strictly monitored. According to Prescribed Choice, their resulting products are innovative formulations that incorporate each ingredient’s most bioavailable form. That ensures that the body properly absorbs the substances that yield health benefits. The formulations are also enclosed in amber bottles, which means that the resulting product retains its freshness and is protected against any external factors.
Prescribed Choice’s evening primrose oil was derived from the herb’s seeds using the cold-pressed extraction method. No milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, or soybeans were used to produce the formulation, which means the product is allergen-free. Prescribed Choice also specifically states in the product label that it does not use any ingredient produced using modern biotechnology in its products.
Prescribed Choice says its product can be used to support hormonal balance. It also notes that evening primrose supplements, in general, are used for eczema, premenstrual syndrome, menopause symptoms, breast pain, among others.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/prescribed-choice/evening-primrose-oil-1300-mg-60-sftgels
Nutritional value: One serving of Prescribed Choice evening primrose oil contains 15 g of calories, of which 10 g are calories from fat, 1 g of polyunsaturated fat, and 1.3 g of evening primrose oil. The evening primrose oil, in particular, contains 0.949 g of alpha-linolenic acid and 0.117 g of gamma-linolenic acid.
Price range: $24.99
Producer: Prescribed Choice
Its form: Soft gel capsule
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? Apart from evening primrose oil, the product contains gelatin, glycerin, and purified water, which are the specific components of a soft gel capsule.
What is the service size for it? One soft gel capsule
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? For adults, take one soft gel capsule one to three times daily or as recommended by a healthcare professional. Those who have a medical condition, are taking other medications, or are pregnant or nursing should consult a healthcare professional prior to consumption. Should an allergic reaction occur, Prescribe Choice recommends discontinued use of the product.
The supplement should be stored in a dry and cool place.
8. Bodybio Evening Primrose Oil 8 Oz (The Best for Improving Overall Skin Health)
BodyBio states that they source only the finest ingredients for their supplements to ensure overall wellbeing at the cellular level. The raw materials undergo rigorous testing before they are processed in a New Jersey manufacturing plant. According to BodyBio, its resulting formulations are backed by existing scientific literature and ensure that each product is a high-quality supplement optimized for efficacy.
According to BodyBio, its evening primrose oil in liquid extract form may help support healthy blood pressure levels with its gamma-linolenic acid content and may help induce labor in women who are pregnant. BodyBio also notes that gamma-linolenic acid exhibits pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties and can help improve skin health.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/bodybioe-lyte/evening-primrose-oil-8-oz
Nutritional value: One serving of BioBody’s Evening Primrose Oil liquid extract contains 40 g of calories, 5 g of total fat, 0.5 g of gamma-linolenic acid, and 3.486 g of linoleic acid.
Price range: $52.99
Producer: BodyBio
Its form: Liquid extract
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? One serving size contains 5 ml of evening primrose seed oil. The product is free from gluten, dairy, and glyphosate, a herbicide that has been classified as a probable carcinogen by the International Agency Research for Cancer.
What is the service size for it? One teaspoon or 5 ml
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? The recommended dosage is ½ teaspoon daily taken during meals, or as recommended by a medical professional.
9. DaVinci Labs Evening Primrose Oil 4 Fluid Oz (the Best for Clearing Up Acne)
DaVinci Labs states that their scientific review board is composed of highly accomplished individuals in their respective medical fields. The review board also gives the Research and New Product Development team valuable insights that aid in formulating superior products. The company guarantees the potency and high quality of its supplements, with ingredients that are as natural as possible. These products are backed by scientific research, and the formulations recommended by medical practitioners. The company assures consumers that their products do not contain fillers nor artificial or GMO ingredients. Their ingredients, DaVinci Labs says, are also hypoallergenic. DaVinci Labs notes that in terms of labeling, it is one of the few companies that adhere to accuracy at all times.
DaVinci Labs states that its evening primrose oil is an essential solution to ensuring overall good skin, joint, nerve, and women’s health. The herb, they say, may alleviate mood swings, address breast pain associated with menstrual cycles, and may decrease the severity, duration, and frequency of hot flashes.
DaVinci Labs also claims the herb can help maintain “comfortable joints.” It can help increase the production of prostaglandin E1, which the supplement manufacturer says plays a critical role in ensuring good nerve health. The supplement is also said to help ensure a youthful outer skin layer that is free of acne, is firmer, and more elastic with the herb’s essential fatty acids content.
According to DaVinci Labs, its liquid extract form is ideal for oral use.
Link to purchase: Not available
Nutritional value: One serving of DaVinci evening primrose oil in liquid extract form contains 20 g of calories, 2 g of total fat, and 2.046 g of organic evening primrose seed oil that contains 0.205 g of gamma-linolenic acid.
Price range: $44.36
Producer: DaVinci Labs
Its form: Liquid extract
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? Apart from evening primrose seed oil, the product contains rosmarinic acid, natural flavors, and natural mixed tocopherols.
What is the service size for it? ½ teaspoon or 2.5 ml
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? Consume once or twice every day 30 minutes before a meal, or as recommended by a medical practitioner. The product should be shaken well before use.
10. Metagenics Omegagenics Evening Primrose Oil 90 gels (The Best for Easing Eczema)
Metagenics follows a stringent process when sourcing ingredients for processing into its supplements. According to the supplement manufacturer, a certificate of analysis from a supplier does not suffice. The company checks the components of each ingredient in its laboratory and even allows consumers to access these results through its website. All consumers need to do is input the lot number found on a specific product label to gain access to these.
Metagenics assures consumers that it is influenced by science, not trends, in its decision to come up with a new supplement. Each label on the final product, it adds, is accurate. The supplement manufacturer says it is the test results that determine what should be put on a label. According to Metagenics, it does not subscribe to what it says is the common labeling process that sees the existing raw ingredients determining what is put on a label. With this process, Metagenics states that the testing only comes after the final product has been created and its label already included.
Metagenics guarantees the purity of its Omegagenics evening primrose oil. Each soft gel capsule contains 0.419 g of Omega-6 fatty acids, specifically, gamma-linolenic acid. The product is gluten-free and non-GMO.
The supplement manufacturer does not recommend any specific usage for the product but notes that gamma-linolenic acid helps produce prostaglandin E1, which helps ensure overall cellular health. Some researchers have found that PGE1 can treat skin inflammation such as eczema.
Link to purchase: https://www.premierformulas.com/metagenics/omegagenics-evening-primrose-oil-90gels
Nutritional value: One serving size of Metagenics Omegagenics evening primrose oil contains 5 g of calories from fat, 0.5 g of total fat, 0.05 g of gamma-linolenic acid, and 0.369 g of linoleic acid.
Price range: $29.84
Producer: Metagenics
Its form: Soft gel capsules
Is it vegan? No.
Is it for the immune system? Yes. It may be used to boost the immune system because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. Gamma-linolenic acid plays important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in the body.
What are its ingredients? Apart from evening primrose oil, the product contains gelatin, glycerin, and purified water, the components of a soft gel capsule.
What is the service size for it? One soft gel capsule.
When to use it? Daily.
How to use it? Metagenics recommends the consumption of one soft gel capsule three to six times every day or as instructed by a healthcare professional.
How To Use An Evening Primrose Supplement?
Evening primrose supplements can be used in different ways. The two major ways are via the oral or the topical routes. There are two ways to consume evening primrose supplements through the oral route: pills, which are typically in soft gel form, and liquid form. Consuming evening primrose in the form of soft gel capsules does not require a complex process to be followed. Below are the steps:
- Get the recommended dose from the bottle. The recommended dose varies by supplement manufacturer but it ranges from one to three soft gel capsules daily.
- Drink with water during meals: The recommendation to consume the soft gel capsules with food is made to ensure faster absorption of evening primrose into the body as the food is digested.
The period of treatment for soft gel capsules varies. Citing scientific studies, Dr. Bryan Bayles, said that the recommended dosage for adults who wish to treat atopic dermatitis ranges from 0.16 to 0.64 g (160 to 640 mg) of gamma-linolenic acid every day for three to 16 weeks. Meanwhile, the recommended dosage for enhancing nerve function is from 0.36 g to 0.48 g (360 to 480 mg) of gamma-linolenic acid for at least six months, according to scientific studies on the effects of evening primrose on nerve function. A study by Sandhya Pruthi et al found that daily doses of 3000 mg of evening primrose oil for six months may improve cyclical mastalgia. Farah Farzaneh et al noted in their study on the effects of evening primrose on hot flashes that 500 mg of the herb taken daily for six weeks may improve the severity of hot flashes.
Consuming evening primrose in the form of raw liquid does not require a complex process to be followed either. Below are the steps:
- Get recommended dose: The recommended dose varies by supplement manufacturers but ranges from one-quarter teaspoon per day to ½ teaspoon per day. Most of the scientific studies looking into the benefits of evening primrose oil on humans involve trials using the soft gel capsule form. This makes it more difficult to give a recommended dose for the raw liquid form based on scientific studies.
- Mix supplement with water or food: Many supplement manufacturers recommend mixing the liquid extract form with 6 to 8 oz of food or water. Taking the liquid with food ensures faster absorption of the liquid into the body as the food is digested.
- Follow manufacturer or doctor recommendations: Since most of the scientific studies that looked into the benefits of evening primrose oil on humans involved trials using the soft gel capsule form, it is also difficult to give a recommended treatment period for the raw liquid extract form based on scientific studies.
The use of liquid evening primrose topically is simple. Below are the steps one should follow:
- Obtain evening primrose from the bottle: Although some researchers used specific topical doses in their trials that found the herb yielded positive health effects, the process to reach those specific doses is complex and may therefore not be a practical way for the ordinary consumer to implement. A study by Wolfgang Gehring et al, for example, described two oil-in-water emulsions of 20% evening primrose oil and 30% evening primrose oil that were put in 20-ml syringes to allow for better measurement of the substance applied on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis involved in their study. Only 1 ml was used for each application every morning and at night for four weeks. Even strokes were used to apply the substance to the skin. That study found that both emulsions yielded positive effects on the skin barrier of the patients.
It is for this reason manufacturers give general recommendations on the way evening primrose oil should be applied topically. XBC Evening, for instance, recommends a “generous” dosage. Susanne Kaufmann, for its part, recommends getting a “thin layer” for use whenever necessary.
- Apply on the affected area: Some manufacturers recommend massaging the affected area upon application for optimal benefits.
In all cases, consultation with a healthcare professional is advised prior to the use and consumption of the evening primrose product.
How Much Evening Primrose Supplement Is Too Much Per Day?
Scientific studies on the effects of evening primrose have shown varied upper limit doses.
A study by Robert D. Abraham et al on the effects of evening primrose oil in men with low dihomo-gamma-linoleic levels noted that only one of the 35 subjects aged 35 to 54 who had been administered up to 27.8 g (30 ml) of evening primrose oil per day dropped out because he could not tolerate the evening primrose oil. No other side-effects were mentioned.
A meta-analysis of studies on the effects of the herb on mastalgia by Ahmad Adni et al showed that the upper dose of evening primrose oil administered to subjects in the 13 studies analyzed was 4g/day. That study by Amit Goyal et al noted that side-effects were mild or moderate in severity, with nausea reported as the most common adverse event.
Another meta-analysis of studies on the effects of evening primrose oil on atopic dermatitis by N. Morse et al identified the 500 mg of evening primrose oil daily as the highest dose given to subjects in the 26 eligible studies that were analyzed. However, this specific study by J.T.M. Bamford did not find any improvement in the atopic dermatitis in subjects. N. Morse et al noted that the Bamford study had design problems and issues in patient selection. They also noted an issue with noncompliance with dosage.
Because of the differing upper limit doses cited in studies on evening primrose supplements,
consultation with a healthcare professional prior to consumption and use is still recommended.
What Are The Possible Risks (Side-Effects) Of Evening Primrose Supplements?
Evening primrose has a high tolerability profile. When taken in excess, the herb can yield the following side effects:
- Gastrointestinal problems
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Headaches
However, according to Dr. Bryan Bayles, these side effects are minor and temporary. The side effects typically disappear in a short amount of time.
What Is The Main Benefit And Use For Evening Primrose Supplement?
Evening primrose supplements can benefit users in many ways. Below are some of the herb’s main benefits:
- It has been used to clear up acne: The belief that the herb can have a positive effect on skin conditions is due in large part to its gamma-linolenic acid, which has been found to help suppress inflammatory responses. A meta-analysis of studies on the role of inflammation in acne pathology conducted by Emil A. Tanghetti found that acne is an inflammatory disease.
- It may help ease eczema: Some scientific studies have shown that the herb improves this skin condition. A study by Moa Schalin-Karrila et al noted a “statistically significant improvement” in eczema patients after they consumed four evening primrose capsules twice daily for 12 weeks. The researchers said the improvements were observed in the overall severity of the inflammation. Itchiness, dryness, and the affected area by the eczema were also reduced.
- It helps improve skin health: Evening primrose helps improve skin health because of its gamma-linolenic acid content. A study by R. Muggli observed that patients who were administered three 500-mg evening primrose oil soft gel capsules for 12 weeks showed significant improvement in overall skin health in terms of skin moisture, transepidermal water loss, fatigue resistance, elasticity, firmness, and roughness as compared to the placebo group.
- It may help relieve PMS symptoms: Some studies have found that the herb may alleviate premenstrual syndrome symptoms due to its gamma-linolenic acid content. A study by Mandana Saki et al observed a significant reduction in PMS symptoms–fatigue, bloating, mood swings, and headaches—in 40 university students following their consumption of 1500 mg of the herb daily for three months.
- It helps minimize breast pain or mastalgia: Scientific studies have shown evening primrose helps minimize both cyclical and non-cyclical breast pain. This effect is credited to its gamma-linolenic acid content, which is a precursor to polyunsaturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have been found to play a role in mammary gland development. In their study on the effectiveness of evening primrose oil, danazol, and bromocriptine in treating breast pain, J. K. Pye et al concluded evening primrose oil was the “most promising first-line treatment” because of its good patient acceptability.
- It may help reduce high blood pressure: Some studies have found evening primrose has a positive effect on high blood pressure. Researchers Masayoshi Soma et al concluded that evening primrose “consistently lowers” blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats that were given diets supplemented with 10% evening primrose oil for up to 24 weeks. The researchers also noted that the progression of hypertension in the animals was delayed.
- It helps improve nerve function: Some researchers have posited evening primrose has positive effects on nerve function due to its gamma-linolenic acid content. This acid plays a critical role in ensuring the neural membrane structure, while some attributed this to the herb’s “complex” composition.
A study by N. E. Cameron et al concluded that evening primrose improved nerve conduction in diabetic rats that were given evening primrose for one month after three months without treatment of diabetes. Researchers also found that after using evening primrose for only four days after three months of untreated diabetes, the nerve conduction velocity in these rats became normal. When the treatment was stopped, the nerve conduction velocity rapidly decreased over 24 hours.
- It may help reduce bone pain: Some studies have concluded evening primrose reduces bone pain because of its gamma-linolenic acid content, which is a precursor to dihomo gamma-linolenic acid. Dihomo gamma-linolenic acid increases 1-series prostaglandins which have anti-inflammatory properties.
M. Brzeski et al found a statistically significant improvement in the morning joint stiffness and articular index of patients with mild rheumatoid arthritis after they consumed 6g per day of the herb for six months. Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease that sees the immune system attacking healthy cells, resulting in inflammation and pain, particularly in the joints.
Before treatment of any condition or disease, consultation with a healthcare professional is advised.
What Are The Forms Of Evening Primrose Supplements?
Evening primrose supplements come in two major forms:
- Evening primrose pills: Evening primrose pills typically come in the form of soft gel capsules. They are liquid extracts that are enclosed in a specialized cover, which is soft and translucent. Evening primrose soft gel capsules are recommended to be consumed with water during meals. Some evening primrose supplements are made of vegetable cellulose to cater to vegetarian and vegan consumers.
- Evening primrose raw liquid extract: This is the raw liquid derived from evening primrose seeds that undergo cold-pressed extraction or low-temperature sub-critical solvent extraction. The liquid extract can be applied externally on the affected area or can be used as a dietary supplement, mixed with food or water.
Consultation with a medical professional is advised prior to consumption and use of evening primrose supplements, regardless of their forms.
What Is The Difference Between Liquid And Pill Evening Primrose Supplements?
Although both contain evening primrose, there are differences between the raw liquid and pill (soft gel capsule) evening primrose supplements apart from their physical appearance:
- Evening primrose pills allow for better dosage consistency than liquid extract: Users of soft gel capsules can consume the same dosage for every instance of consumption. Soft gel capsules sold by the manufacturer already come in an exact dose. That’s not the case with liquid extract, where the dosage consumed can vary per instance. Since dosage is harder to control manually, slightly more or less may be administered by the user or the healthcare professional each time. Because the doses can vary per instance, liquid extract users are more prone to overdose than those who use their solid counterparts.
- It’s easier to take higher doses of evening primrose oil with the liquid form. This is because you don’t have to swallow a lot of pills. The liquid form can also be mixed with drinks such as smoothies.
- Ease of use. Evening primrose soft gel capsules are easier to take when on the go than raw liquid extracts since the doses per soft gel capsule are already fixed.
Is Liquid Evening Primrose Supplement Better Than Evening Primrose Pills?
The answer depends on the user’s preference and medicinal consumption tendencies. Some users simply prefer to use the supplement in capsule form for an exact dosage, while others prefer, or require, liquid forms for easier swallowing.
Users who also have a difficult time swallowing medicines in any form will find liquid evening primrose supplements better than their solid counterparts. Many supplement manufacturers produce evening primrose in either of these two forms and some produce both.
Does Evening Primrose Powder Supplement Have Less Nutritional Value?
Yes. This is perhaps the reason why only a few manufacturers sell evening primrose supplements in powdered form. The established supplement manufacturing companies typically sell evening primrose in its raw liquid extract or soft gel capsule form.
Many of the scientific studies that have proven the benefits of evening primrose have used the herb in its soft gel capsule form in their trials. Liquid extracts, both ingested and applied topically, meanwhile, are a good alternative to soft gel capsules. This is especially true for patients who have a difficult time swallowing medicine in solid form or those prone to gastrointestinal problems and esophageal reflux after medicine consumption.
Should I Buy Gluten-Free Evening Primrose?
Gluten-free evening primrose supplements are better than non-gluten-free evening primrose supplements since they do not contain gluten or ingredients that come from wheat, rye, or barley. The starches found in non-gluten-free evening primrose supplements can be used in tablets and capsules as excipients, diluents, disintegrants, or binding agents for low-quality supplement manufacturers. Due to the assurance that there are no hidden gluten compounds in gluten-free evening primrose supplements, people with certain health conditions, such as Celiac disease, prefer them.
Who Are The Best Producers Of Evening Primrose Supplements?
The following are considered the best producers of evening primrose supplements:
- Nature’s Way
- NOW
- Prescribed Choice
- Allergy Research Group
- Vital Nutrients
- Barlean’s
- BodyBio
- Deva Nutrition LLC
- Metabolic Maintenance
- Pure Encapsulations
- Metagenics
- Genestra
- Natural Factors
These established supplement manufacturers sell evening primrose in either capsule or liquid extract forms, or both.
How Does Premier Formulas Choose The Best Evening Primrose Supplements?
At Premier Formulas we only select evening primrose supplements that have undergone an extensive assessment of documented proof that the manufacturing company follows federal cGMP regulations and guidelines. Samples of their products from our own inventory must also pass initial and quarterly randomized testing from independent laboratories. Our key mission is to provide high-quality supplements and the information for our patrons to use them in an educated, effective and safe manner. We want you to know that we care about your health when choosing your evening primrose supplements. After all, we give the same products to our family as we provide to you and your family.
What Evening Primrose Supplement Is Taken Orally?
Evening primrose capsules, mostly in soft gel form, and raw liquid extracts are taken orally. Many supplement manufacturers sell evening primrose supplements in these forms. They include Nature’s Way, NOW, Piping Rock, Drasanvi and Prescribed Choice.
What Evening Primrose Supplement Is Use Externally?
Evening primrose liquid extracts can also be used externally. Some manufacturers that sell evening primrose in this form include XBC, Susanne Kaufmann, Weleda, Kiehls, and Pure Nature.
What Is More Beneficial Between Evening Primrose Taken Orally And Externally?
Evening primrose taken orally may benefit the consumer more than evening primrose applied externally. Many of the scientific studies on the benefits of the herb have used evening primrose in its soft gel form in their trials. However, evening primrose topical products are a good alternative to evening primrose supplements that are consumed orally. This is especially so if the user in question has difficulty swallowing medicines or is prone to stomach irritation and gastrointestinal problems when consuming medicine. If evening primrose is applied topically, the risk of rejection by the user through vomiting is not possible. Side-effects such as esophageal reflux and gastric irritation that are typically associated with oral administration of medicine can also be avoided.
Is There A Difference When Evening Primrose Supplement Is Taken Orally Verses Externally?
Yes. Evening primrose supplements taken orally are ingested through the mouth while evening primrose supplements taken externally are applied to the skin. That means that once used or consumed by the consumer, they go through different body systems. Unlike evening primrose supplements taken orally that go through the gastrointestinal tract, evening primrose supplements used topically permeate the skin and go directly to the bloodstream. This is precisely why topical products are a good supplement form choice for patients who are prone to side-effects typically associated with oral administration of drugs such as stomach irritation and esophageal reflux.
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